Sunday 21 October 2018

Spaghetti ConJunction 2b - 20th October 2018

TLDR: A one day, two game slot event in central Birmingham. Food on site and at your table. Great location, great people. Good selection of games. A really nice day out.

Spaghetti ConJunction  is the TTPRG convention I co-organise. It's a one day event at a gaming cafe - Geek Retreat - in Birmingham City centre.

It's based on the model trail-blazed by the wonderful Concrete Cow conventions in Milton Keynes. We promote the event and publish details of any games people say they intend to offer on the day, through Facebook, web-site and many other outlets in advance. But nothing is actually decided until the event. If you want to Referee a game, you turn up, put a sign up sheet on the table and wait to see if anyone chooses it. Nothing is pre-booked or guaranteed.

There are two differences between SCJ and Concrete Cow. Firstly we only have two game slots in day. Secondly, it's in the gaming cafe. So, though it's in the city centre and surrounded by loads of options, no-one actually needs to pop out to get food. It's a really great venue.

As usual I met up with my fellow organiser for breakfast at a nearby bistro. When the proprietor of Geek Retreat arrived I popped round and was gratified to find people already waiting outside. I then had 15 minutes to get in, stick up  the signage and sort out the sign up table and front desk. We book the entire top floor of Geek Retreat.

By the time I'd finished it was 10:00am and people started coming upstairs and it was a flurry of taking entry fees and issuing them their Tombola tickets. It's £3 entry but most people opted to buy a couple of raffle tickets as well and just pay a £5 note. Almost forty people came in and I was pleased to see a lot of new faces amongst the old familiar ones.

At 10:15 we did introductions and started signups. Referees had placed sign up sheets for their games on a table. We supplied blank sheets and pens but many referees provided their own.  Attendees had been perusing these before we started. Sign up was via lottery. Any new players were allowed to choose and sign up for their games first. This was a bit of a crush because we had so many new faces. Then the numbers from 0 through 9 were drawn in a random order. As each number was announced, anyone with a Tombola ticket ending in that number was allowed to come up and choose a game. We kept a list of the number order.

Five games were fully signed up with up to six players plus referee. One game ran with a smaller number, picking up  spare players and referees whose games didn't run. 2 or 3 sign up sheets didn't garner any players. This is perfectly normal. We like to have more slightly games offered than we need and it gives players a wider choice.

I was surprised to find that the signup sheet for my game seemed to have disappeared. However it turned out that, in my rush, I'd put out my afternoon sheet by mistake and someone had kindly put it in the pile of afternoon sheets. This left me without a game to referee. Instead of playing, however, I chose to spend the morning at front desk where I had a great time - allocating late-comers to games, sorting out the raffle tickets, counting the money, handling other admin tasks and posting about the convention on Social Media.


Games running included Dr Who AIT&S (Torchwood), I Love the Corps (Zombie Thomas the Tank Engine), D&D 5th Ed, Dungeon Crawl Classics, Is it a plane (with Player character Starships) and Heroquest Glorantha (offered in memory of Greg Stafford.)

There was a lovely atmosphere in the room. All the games seemed lively and happy and the acoustics seemed fine.

Many games seemed to over-run slightly but the constant stream of food from downstairs made sure everyone had had their lunch at the table. (Food is mainly burgers and toasted sandwiches.) So the slight extensions didn't cause any issues.

At 3:15 we had the raffle. As usual the donations from companies were extremely generous with the retail value of items of prizes being amazing total. We even had a copy of Zweihander - the massive update of Warhammer Fantasy - which was the thickest TTRPG hardback I've ever seen. A real coffee table book.

I'll admit I'm not a fan of raffles at conventions. Too often they eat into valuable gaming time. So I make sure the SCJ raffle goes at a fair click.

Then it was the afternoon signups. This happens in reverse order to the morning games - which is why we keep a list of numbers drawn.

There were more games offered in the afternoon than the morning and several of them only garnered one or two players. There was a bit of "horse trading" - great fun  "would you rather be psychologically tortured or draw your adventures"  - and soon we had half a dozen games going again.

One of them was mine - the simple introductory adventurer and rules from our forthcoming book to be sold in aid of Comic Relief. This was fun as always but due to some unfortunate rolling at the extreme end of the bell curve, the characters suffered a real mauling. But the players enjoyed it and were complimentary about the system. I know some changes to make, however.

As I was refereeing, I didn't keep a close check on what was running but I know it included:

Two D&D 5th Ed games, my d6 Hack D&D clone, Is it a plane?, a wierd West Scenario and Lamposts in Bloom (run using The Dead of Night). There was probably one other one I've forgotten.

What was lovely was that one popular D&D game was run by an experienced older referee of my generation. (Set in Pan Tang in the world of Elric.) The other equally popular D&D game was run by a young lady who I've never met before who was clearly less than half our age. I don't know details of this one beyond the smiling faces and rapt attention her players were giving her.

Games are due to end at 7:30 but most wrapped up at around 7:00pm. Mainly it seemed to be due to people heading for their trains. (The venue is a convenient walk from all three main Birmingham stations.) The big D&D 5th game from the younger Referee ran on and on (who'd've thought it?), not stopping until 7:50 - which gave us time to do the tidying up and some planning for next year.

Overall SCJ 2b was a great success. Small enough to be friendly, large enough to offer a good choice of games. I thought we had a good number of players for the venue and exactly the right number of games on offer. It's only two game slots so it might not be worth travelling a huge distance to get here - though it's a pretty convenient journey from most places. And if you're a referee offering a game, you're not guaranteed to get players. However, it's great venue, with a good selection of different systems, great referees and great players. A great day out.

Saturday 13 October 2018

Spaghetti ConJunction 2b - FAQ

F.A.Q.

Spaghetti ConJunction F.A.Q.
1. What is it?
Spaghetti ConJunction is a one-day RPG convention to be held in Birmingham.
V2. When is it?
Spaghetti ConJunction 2b will take place on Saturday 20th October 2018
3. Where is it?
It will be hosted by Geek Retreat Birmingham, which is located at 38 The Priory Queensway, Birmingham
This is less than ten minutes’ walk from all three of Birmingham’s three train stations; less than five minutes from the nearest car park; and about a minute from the nearest bus stop (or thirty seconds if you run).
4. What time will it be on?
Geek Retreat Birmingham opens at 10am. The first game slot will run between 10:30am and 2:30pm. The second slot will run between 3:30pm and 7:30pm. This allows for an hour’s lunch break.
5. How much is it?
£3 for the day. This is to cover our costs, with all profits going to charity.
In addition, Geek Retreat is a café and will appreciate your custom. We actively encourage you to patronise the Geek Retreat.
6. Is there disabled access?
Unfortunately not in the upstairs playing area, which is only accessible by stairs. We can only apologise for any inconvenience caused.
7. Are you looking for referees?
We certainly are. Each game must have a running length of no more than four hours, have a beginning, a middle, and an end. This includes any time required for character creation, therefore GMs are encouraged to provide pre-generated characters where possible (unless you are planning to play an Indie style game where character generation is part of the game). Please send details of your game and if accepted, we will post its details on Facebook and Google+ pages.
When submitting a game please let us know if your game will contain mature content and will therefore be unsuitable for players under sixteen.
8. Are there any age restrictions?
Yes and no.
Whilst we seek to encourage role players of all ages, we ask that all attendees aged sixteen years and under be accompanied by an adult who is responsible for the child throughout the day. Any attendee older than sixteen is not required to be accompanied by an adult.
NOTE: Some games run at Spaghetti ConJunction may contain mature content. Such games will carry a ‘Mature Content’ advisory and we strongly advise that younger players do not sign up for them. Further, any GM who is running a game that is labelled as containing ‘Mature Content’ has the right to refuse entry to the game for players under sixteen years of age.
9. How do I sign up for games?
When you purchase your ticket you will be given a random ticket with a number on it. The last number (between one and ten) on this ticket will determine the order in which you can sign up for the games during the two slots.
Fifteen minutes before the start of the first slot random numbers will be generated between one and ten. When the number that matches the last number on your ticket is announced you will be able to sign up for the next slot. The numbers generated before the first slot will be noted and then used before the second slot, but will be read out in reverse order.
So for example, if the order of the numbers generated before the first slot is 4, 9, 1, 7, 10, 3, 6, 2, 8, and 5, and you were given the number 1, you would sign up in the third wave of signees before the first slot and in the third to last wave of signees before the second slot. This may seem complex and random, but as a sign up method, it is fair to everyone.
If you have never roleplayed before, are under 18 or if this your first Spaghetti ConJunction, then you will be awarded a bye that allows you to sign up for a game in one of the two slots before the numbers are announced. In addition, you will be allowed to bring another person to sign up with you in both game slots.
If, in advance of the convention, you offer to run a game in a slot which advertised on the website and for which you produce a sign up sheet on the day, then you will also be awarded a bye . This will allow you to sign up for any game in the other slot before the numbers are announced.
9. Why Spaghetti ConJunction?
  • Because Birmingham does not have a dedicated roleplaying event and having been to lots and lots of conventions, the founders decided that it was a jolly good idea. Plus because we played great games at these events, we wanted to bring these great games to Birmingham.
  • Because it is an utterly delightful play on words.
  • Because Pookie is very proud of thinking it up.
  • Because the previous Spaghetti ConJunctions were so much fun.
10. Who are you?
Simon Burley is the co-designer of Golden Heroes, the UK’s first superhero RPG, its sequel, Squadron UK, and The Comics Code RPGs, and as the author of Conventional Thinking, a two-part guide to conventions up and down this land, has been to more gaming conventions than any man would care to admit to. Simon admits to them all.
James Mullen is the designer of Blood & Water, the RPG about supernatural flatmates living together as well as other RPGs. He is a devotee of indie-RPGs and a well-regarded GM having run games at conventions up and down the country.
Pookie is a games reviewer and editor.
Between them they have over a century’s worth of gaming experience.

Spaghetti ConJunction 2b

Amongst (many) other things I list myself  as a convention organiser. I've been very dilitary in promoting out own. Luckily on of my colleagues is a genius at it.

In case anyone's missed it, Spaghetti ConJunction 2b is next weekend (20th October). Games on offer are:

MORNING

Totle: One of our Clerics is missing
GM: Simon Burley
Players: 2-6
System: The d6 Hack
Father Millwort has been kidnapped by a group of goblins. Nobody can work out why. He's a Holy Man, for sure. Very devout. But he's not a particularly high ranking or gifted member of the local clergy.
His superior - Deaconess Telesa - has tasked a group of brave adventurers - you - to recover the poor man. If you do, surely you'll be blessed of the Gods. She's promised to give you a benediction of her own should you succeed.
The d6 Hack is my lightweight D&D clone which only uses d6. It's been developed as part of the Role-Play Relief book to be sold in support of Comic Relief. Designed specifically to introduce new players into the hobby. This adventure is the introductory one I intend to publish in the book. Neither the system or adventure are anything innovative or clever. Just an old school romp run by an experienced and halfway decent referee. I'd really appreciate your feedback on the system and scenario. You will make your own characters as part of the session.
(Special bonus: as the adventure is likely to finish early, we’ll take any surviving characters up to second level and I’ll run a supplementary adventure written especially for SCJ 2b).

Title: Tomb Raiders
GM: Emily Bryan
System: Dungeons and Dragons 5th Edition
Description: A level 1 D&D 5e game.
Fresh-faced and confident, this party of plucky adventurers have been hired to assist the once-great wizard, Cellini Hove, in retrieving a stolen magical item – a legendary staff passed down through the generations. Snatched many years ago by Cellini’s old wizarding rival, the item now lies with the thief himself, buried in his tomb. The greater earth elemental that bequeathed the staff to Cellini’s bloodline is displeased with the staff’s final resting place and has vowed to plague the land with natural disasters until the item is returned to its rightful owner. Though obstacles stand in their way, will the party be able to find and return the magical staff before it’s too late?
Players: 4-6
Notes: No relation to Lara Croft or the Tomb Raider series. Family-friendly, new-player-friendly, customisable pre-gen characters, and a souvenir for all players!

Title: Well of the Worm
GM: Andrew Delaney
System: Dungeon Crawl Classics
Description: In ages long past and best forgotten, the world was ruled by worms. Deep within dreaming jungles, and high atop monolithic temples, fell priests sacrificed the blood of man and his kith to the mammoth war-worms.
One wizard would return the world to the rule of the worm. From deep within the blood-soaked earth, calling upon the spirits of the slain and blood of the dying, rising from the moldering bones of fallen warriors, the war-worms have returned. Their foul Mother – last of her kin – births more crawling horrors with every passing hour.
The age of the worm is once more upon us. The call is sounded: Who will rise to purge the darkness?
Players: 3-6


Title: Why didn’t they ask Evans?
GM: Dave Elrick
System: Dr Who Adventures in Time & Space (Cubicle 7)
Description: In Cardiff two drug dealers are shot with suspiciously high-tech weapons. Sensing a chance to break the drugs gangs, the Police want to keep Torchwood from taking the case away from them, but they may not have a choice when more people die.
Meanwhile, two mysterious men in black are hunting for someone called Evans and their paths keep crossing the investigation. But who are they, are they on Torchwood’s side and who is Evans?
Play as Gwen, Ianto, Tosh, Owen and the irrepressible Captain Jack as they try to save Cardiff yet again
Players: Up to 5 players

Title: 28 Trains Later
GM: Christopher Dean
System: I Love the Corps
Description: Not a typical I Love the Corps game; this is Thomas the Tank Engine meets 28 Days Later! Set in the Isle of Sodor, in the modern day, can a group of people trapped inside Annie escape alive? A comedy survival horror.
I LOVE THE CORPS is a recently released tabletop role-playing game of action, horror and sci-fi. This single D6 game breaks down into 'beats' and 'scenes' to tell the story. Come and experience some visceral and disgusting horror, balls to the wall action and psychological madness, and see if you can keep your survivor alive to tell the tale!
Players: 2-6
Notes: this will be hilarious, but utterly disgusting, and potentially will ruin your childhood.
Not for kids.

Title: Space Fleet Arcadia
GM: Damien Jones
System: Is It a Plane!?
Description: It has now been confirmed: humanity is not alone in this universe. The ultimate test of survival has been issued. It will be up to you, your ship and your crew to lead our defence against the incoming extraterrestrial force and prove our species is worthy of greater things. May humanity’s tenacity carry you forward.
Players, you will be taking control of a spaceship, its captain/pilot and crew. You will have at your disposal their combined abilities; hyper-steel armour, a charismatic captain, rows of laser cannons, a legion of attack drones, or heavy-duty boarding crews.
We’ll be playing Is it a Plane!?. The system that uses doodles on laminated cards in place of dice rolls, and still offers all the chance for role-play of a conventional game! “Oh, but I can’t draw!” I hear you say, well fret not friend, because this is not required. If you can draw a line, you can draw a deadly laser barrage, and if you can draw a box dodging vague lumps, then your spaceship has narrowly escaped a treacherous asteroid field!
Players: 2-6
Notes: all ages



AFTERNOON

Title: Temple of the Twelve
GM: Emily Bryan
System: Dungeons and Dragons 5th Edition
Description: A level 3 D&D 5e game.
The last worshippers of the ancient gods died out many generations ago and people had thought all relics of the religion had disappeared with them. When an oracle, dressed in ancient robes and haloed by a golden light, appears in the centre of The Windy Frog, it’s safe to say that the patrons of the old tavern are more than a little surprised.
He comes with a simple message.
“A great evil has taken residence in the Temple of the Twelve. It must be destroyed before it can bring an end to the peaceful lives you all know. For those with courage in their hearts and goodness in their soul, this will be a test with prizes greater than you could imagine. Riches fit for the gods themselves, glory and fame, a tale to pass onto all who will listen, and the secrets of the immortals lie within the temple. Defeat the evil within, and you will be rewarded.”
Players: 4-6
Notes: This is a funhouse-style dungeon crawl with twists and turns. Puzzles, trickery and combat aplenty. Perfect for new players looking to experience the varied madness of D&D or for veterans looking for a fun little journey. Family-friendly and hopefully a good laugh. A choice of customisable pre-gen characters will be provided for every player, along with a little souvenir at the end!

Title: Frozen in Time
GM: Andrew Delaney
System: Dungeon Crawl Classics
Description: Eons-old secrets slumber beneath the forbidden Ghost Ice. Since the time of the Elders, the local tribes have shunned the crawling glacier, knowing it as taboo land that slays all who tread its frigid expanse. Now, the Ghost Ice has shattered, revealing hints at deeper mysteries entombed within its icy grasp. Strange machines and wonderful horrors stir beneath the ice…
Players: 3-6


Title: Lock, stock and two....... what?
GM: Simon Burley
Players: 2-6
System: Manifold
The East-End. And you owe a big one to Danny "two fingers" Henderson. Especially as he used to be Danny "three fingers". Your fault.
The only thing letting you keep your knackers - and other assorted bits - is your agreement to hit the Matt Brinks Safety Deposit Facility in London's Hatton Garden. If you can pull it off, it'll be the crime of the century.
A simple - OK, not at all simple - heist scenario requiring flexible thinking - and, possibly, morals - as things are almost certain to spiral out of your control in unexpected ways.
Manifold is my 2d6 multi-genre system where magic happens every time somebody rolls a double. Described as "the love child of GURPs and Paranoia" or simply "2d6 shennanigans". This adventure will be based in the contemporary, realistic setting of a British Gangster Movie. You will make your own characters as part of the session - and also collaboratively design elements of the setting.

Title: Lamp Posts In Bloom
GM: Robin Poole
System: Dead of Night
Description: A warm summer evening in middle England. Old friends gather for a barbecue and drinks. Secrets will be uncovered. Betrayals will be laid bare. Innocent people will die. And the lamp posts will come into bloom.
Players: 4-5
Notes: Modern day psychological horror with adult themes. (18+)


Title: Head of the Serpent
GM: Christopher Dean
System: I Love the Corps
Description: The private corporation, Chrysalis, have developed a devastating nanite-equivalent of a chemical weapon, which has been released against Corps marines. Before the weapon is used on Dominion worlds, an attack has been mounted on the Chrysalis HQ, based on one of the small islands dotting an Aquaworld.
You are part of this assault; the Destroyer squad. Your role... Mechanised Operations.
I LOVE THE CORPS is a recently released tabletop role-playing game of military action, horror and military sci-fi. This single D6 game breaks down into 'beats' and 'scenes' to tell the story of a United Colonial Marine Corps squad in 2450. Come and experience some visceral and disgusting horror, balls to the wall action and psychological madness, and see if you can keep your marine alive to tell the tale!
Do you love the Corps, marine? Only one way to find out.
Players: 2-6
Notes: This game will feature lots of bloody violence and all-out warfare. There was also be lots of opportunity thinking and strategic planning. It can be appropriate for younger players (horror will be just restricted to gore, which I can tone down if need be.


Title: Space Fleet Arcadia
GM: Damien Jones
System: Is It a Plane!?
Description: It has now been confirmed: humanity is not alone in this universe. The ultimate test of survival has been issued. It will be up to you, your ship and your crew to lead our defence against the incoming extraterrestrial force and prove our species is worthy of greater things. May humanity’s tenacity carry you forward.
Players, you will be taking control of a spaceship, its captain/pilot and crew. You will have at your disposal their combined abilities; hyper-steel armour, a charismatic captain, rows of laser cannons, a legion of attack drones, or heavy-duty boarding crews.
We’ll be playing Is it a Plane!?. The system that uses doodles on laminated cards in place of dice rolls, and still offers all the chance for role-play of a conventional game! “Oh, but I can’t draw!” I hear you say, well fret not friend, because this is not required. If you can draw a line, you can draw a deadly laser barrage, and if you can draw a box dodging vague lumps, then your spaceship has narrowly escaped a treacherous asteroid field!
Players: 2-6
Notes: all ages


Title: Chaos Exultant.
GM: David Gallico.
System: D&D 5e.
Description: The players have just about recuperated from their last adventure and are wondering what new opportunities await them. They have heard rumours through the cities "information channels" that a wealthy foreigner, Verkij Laanark, an exiled Pan Tangian nobleman is seeking to hire a party of adventurers for an unknown purpose. The morning after, a young slave boy arrives at their inn with an invitation from his master, the same Verkij Laanark, to visit him in his suite of rooms at "The Exquisite Oasis", the most luxurious (not to mention expensive) hotel in the entire city. He has a proposition for them which will involve undertaking a task on his behalf, for which not only will they be very well paid, but will provide an opportunity for them to strike back at the rulers of Pan Tang, the Demon Isle.
Players: 4-6 ideally. (I am willing to be flexible).
Notes: This scenario is set in the world of Elric of Melnibone, who features in a series of books by Michael Moorcock. However, it is NOT necessary to have read any of the books to enjoy this adventure.

Saturday 6 October 2018

DragonDaze 2018

Adventures of a Travelling Referee- Saturday 6th October 2018

Today I took my “Choose Your Adventure” set up to the DRAGONDAZE convention in Newport in South Wales.

DragonDaze is a “Games and Mini-ComicCon” rather than a dedicated TTRPG event. The RPGs are more like a bonus feature than central to the event.

Actually I’m not sure “Games and Mini-ComicCon” is a fair description of DragonDaze. It fills a Leisure centre so it’s not mini. There are games but there are also many other things - cosplay and music to name two - and I don’t think there are many comics at the event.

This weekend is part of the early autumn surge  in conventions. Apart from DragonDaze there is also Tekucon - a small one day convention in Birmingham devoted to the world of “The Empire of the Petal Throne” - and  Furnace.

Furnace is a dedicated residential 2 day TTRPG Convention in the marvellous Garrison hotel in Sheffield. Described as the “Olympics of RPG conventions” its a high quality event that all TTRPF players and referees should aspire to go to.

So why wasn’t  I going to Furnace? Simple.  I’m addicted to refereeing TTRPGs and there are so many high quality referees going to Furnace that you have to submit your games MONTHS in advance. It’s called “Conkrieg”. I missed the deadline. I could have gone as a player but that doesn’t interest me.

I’ve supported DragonDaze since it first started. It’s well organised and a great day out - especially for children. However, though the TTRPG offerings are excellent, there are usually a plethora of Referees and a shortage of players. It’s one where the local TTRPG community don’t support their local convention as much as they might. I thought I might not even get to Referee a game today.

As always, there were more games on offer than there were players to play them. And things were slow to get started. The games offered and scores on the doors (roughly) were:

Dr Who - played in a Star Trek game in the morning - full table of 5/6 in the afternoon.

Star Trek - small table (3-4?) in the morning. Table of 4/5 for something Travellerish in the afternoon.

Fantasy Trip - full table - 5ish in the morning, played in the Traveller game in the afternoon. 

Cthulhu - table of four in the morning (eventually) unable to referee in the afternoon due to the PA (see below).

Dark Heresy - table of two in the morning. No takers in the afternoon.

50 fathoms (savage Worlds pirates) - 2 players rising to 6 across the morning. Full table of 6 in the afternoon.

5th Ed D&D - three players rising to 6 across the morning. 8 players in the afternoon.

Tunnels and Trolls - no takers at all. Played in the Cthulhu game in the morning.

John Carter of Mars - only offered in the afternoon - full table of 5/6 players.

“Choose your adventure” - two one hour games. The Black Hack, 4 players. The Code of the Spacelanes (Firefly) - 5 players. 

This is all an improvement over previous years. Previously the TTRPGs were upstairs in hidden rooms. Last year, like today, we were up on a balcony overlooking the trade hall. A lovely space. Last year we shared it with some wargames tables. They weren’t in evidence today so it looked a bit bare.

The organisers have never really taken the TTRPGs in hand, just accepting any game offered. Then posting them on Facebook and encouraging people to book into games through Facebook. This wasn’t successful IMHO. This year I recommended no prebooking or arranged slots took place. I undertook to greet customers and point them at appropriate games - before taking any players into my own games. And I checked with all the refs before the end to make sure they were flexible on game length, numbers and casual  drop ins. As you can see, I think this worked well. And I’m proud of my contribution towards its success at the expense of my own refereeing.

I didn’t get time to visit the trade hall but it looked worth a visit. Cosplay was good, there were “celebrities”, the starship simulator, board games library  and  events announced like a SciFi quiz. So plenty to do - no Expo but better than your normal local convention. Attendance in the 1000-2000 range I’d guess. 

The only fly in the ointment was the fact that the Hall’s PA’s loudspeakers were on the balcony. The occasional announcement was liveable but the raffle and the cosplay awards ran on and made refereeing pretty much impossible. (Why do Cosplay organisers always SHOUT?)

  If you’re local and looking for a pleasant way to spend a day - is recommend it. I wouldn’t travel too far to get to it. If you’re a TTRPG player looking for a couple of good games, it’s probably worth the trip. If you’re a referee looking to offer games I wouldn’t recommend it. In fact I’m going to suggest to the organisers that they cut the Number of tables offered slightly and stick to well known games, IPs and returning referees. We’re beginning to get returning players from year to year and that’s nice.